How to Diagnose and Treat ADHD
Many people believe that ADHD is a condition only of children, however it can also affect adults. Diagnosed and treated for ADHD an individual can live a better life.
Interviewing the person and their family members may be a part of a diagnostic for ADHD. The doctor may also examine the school records of the past to determine if symptoms began as a child.
Signs and symptoms
ADHD is a disorder that impacts school, work as well as home life. Everyone struggles with concentration and focusing at times. A person must show major symptoms in two of these areas and have a significant impact on everyday functioning to be deemed to have ADHD. The symptoms must have also been present for a minimum of six months.
To determine a diagnosis, doctors will talk to the patient regarding their symptoms and ask about their family history and medical problems. They can also use rating systems to assess symptoms in adults or children. These questionnaires are often based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fifth Edition (DSM-5). They include questions about symptoms such as hyperactivity, inattention and the tendency to be impulsive.
In adult patients, doctors may ask to speak with a significant other or people who know the patient well. This isn't to question the authenticity of the person, but rather to gain more insight into the behavior of a person that cannot be gleaned from the answers to a questionnaire. They could inquire about childhood behaviors and use old school records to determine if the symptoms started before the age of 12.
Before making a diagnosis, the doctor will conduct a physical exam and do lab tests to rule out other health issues, like head injuries or thyroid issues that may cause similar symptoms. The doctor will also review the patient's medication list. Certain medications for depression high blood pressure, depression and other conditions can interact with stimulants, so the doctor will take these into consideration when recommending treatments. It is crucial that adults speak to their primary health care providers when they suspect they have ADHD.
Diagnosis
To be diagnosed with ADHD, symptoms must occur in more than one setting (like school, home and at work) and significantly interfere with functioning. They should also have been diagnosed at the age of 12 and the impairment can't be caused by a different disorder, like anxiety or depression.
A mental health professional or doctor will employ a variety tools during the assessment, including ADHD symptom checklists as well as standardized behavior rating scales and a thorough history. They can also speak with family members or friends to learn how the symptoms have affected them. They may also inquire if there are any other psychiatric conditions or physical illnesses that display similar symptoms.
Evaluators will take into account whether the symptoms are mild, moderate or severe. They will also look at the medical history of the patient and family history to ensure there isn't any underlying cause of their problems, such as thyroid disorders, head injuries or medication.
In some instances, an evaluator may want to conduct a cognitive test or request an imaging test to rule out other causes for their symptoms, such as learning disabilities, mood disorders personality disorders, and alcohol abuse. These people often present differently from those with no issues. For instance, boys are more likely to exhibit hyperactivity symptoms, whereas girls exhibit inattention symptoms.
Many people with ADHD are interested in participating in studies to test out new treatments. While this is a great opportunity to contribute to further research, it is important for participants to realize that the main purpose of these studies is to gain knowledge in the field of science and cannot necessarily guarantee they will receive treatment. Visit the NIMH's Clinical Trials Fact Sheet for more information on clinical trials.
Treatment
If you suspect you may have ADHD seek out a specialist who is trained to recognize the disorder. Make sure to check with your health insurance provider to determine if ADHD specialists are covered. You can also seek referrals from your family doctor or other health professionals. Word-of-mouth recommendations are a good option.
A doctor will ask the patient - or parents in the case of children - about their symptoms. They can use standardized questionnaires or ADHD symptoms checklists, or ask for information from other people in the person's life, such as spouses and family members. Personal insight will reveal more than can be learned from questionnaires.
An expert will also want to review any records the person might have, particularly old school reports. The diagnosis of ADHD is based on a person's history, and to be diagnosed with the condition, symptoms must have been present from childhood (technically prior to age 12).
adhd adults diagnosis is also carried out. It will look for any other medical problems that could be the cause of the symptoms, such as thyroid problems or seizure disorders. A neurological examination is often carried out by an expert to test the coordination and motor control. Psychological tests, which are designed to assess intelligence and ability, might be used as well. Additionally one could be asked to complete simple computer tasks to test attention and memory. This could assist an expert determine whether the person is hyperactive or inattentional. The expert will choose the treatment plan and provide a diagnosis. Treatment plans typically consist of therapy and medication. Psychotherapy, also known as talk therapy can teach adults and children healthy coping strategies and change unhelpful thinking patterns. This therapy is usually performed by a primary care physician, or a mental health professional who has a specialization in adult ADHD.
Medication
Many people suffering from ADHD improve by taking medication. However this isn't the only method of treating the condition. Children, teenagers and adults are also able to benefit from behavioral therapy, psychotherapy or any combination of the two. These therapies help them cope with their ADHD symptoms and help them learn to live with these symptoms. Psychoeducation, or education about ADHD and how to manage it, can be included. They could include teachers, family members, and professionals.
It's crucial to find a mental health professional or health professional who is experienced in treating ADHD. You can seek recommendations from other people with ADHD or from a mental health provider you already know, or perform an online search. It is best to locate a specialist who is familiar with your insurance plan.
The health care provider will ask you or your child about the signs and issues caused by ADHD. They will conduct an examination of the body and look for any other health issues that could cause similar symptoms. They will go over the medical and family history of you or your child along with school records and other documents.
Diagnosing ADHD in adults can be a bit more difficult due to the fact that the symptoms Guidelines of the American Psychiatric Association (DSM-V) are mostly geared toward diagnosing children. Your health care provider will ask you or your child regarding their symptoms and may ask other people who spend long periods of time with them to fill out questionnaires and checklists. They will use these to help them decide whether you or your child has inattentive ADHD, hyperactive-impulsive ADHD, combined ADHD or unspecified ADHD. The medications used to treat ADHD include stimulants, like methylphenidate and Lisdexamfetamine and nonstimulants such as atomoxetine or certain antidepressants. They function by increasing and balancing the levels of neurotransmitters, which are brain chemicals.
Counseling
Many people who suffer from ADHD also have co-occurring disorders, such as depression or anxiety. Therefore, treatment should include therapy that targets these issues. Some patients may benefit from cognitive behavioral therapy, which teaches skills such as time and task management, emotional self-regulation and impulse control.
Therapists can also help patients manage their symptoms by changing their lifestyle. For instance an exercise routine that is regularly practiced can reduce hyperactivity and improve concentration. A healthier diet is also crucial for people with ADHD tend to consume more sugar and fat and less vegetables and fruits than other people. Also, making social and family relationships a priority can lower stress levels and allow people to feel more in control of their lives.
A diagnosis of ADHD can aid children and adults to comprehend their difficulties. For example, a child who has ADHD may have trouble communicating his or her demands to peers and teachers, but once a teacher is aware that it's not personal or due to laziness accommodations can be provided.
A professional who evaluates ADHD will ask questions that are targeted towards the person's specific age, talk to family members and teachers, look over medical records, and look for any comorbid conditions. For adults, records from schools could help determine if the ADHD symptoms started before the age of adulthood.
The expert will also check for any vision or hearing problems. He or she will also perform a blood test to check for certain hormones and other health conditions that can cause symptoms of ADHD.